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Politeknik Kota Bharu




                  3.3      ELEMENT IN TORT OFFENCE

                           Intentional torts

                           Category of torts that describes a civil wrong resulting from an

                           intentional act on the part of the tortfeasor (alleged wrongdoer).

                           -  Assault            -  Necessity (tort)          -  Intentional
                             (tort)                                              infliction of
                                                 -  False                        emotional
                           -  Consent                imprisonment                distress

                           -  Battery            -  Self-defense
                             (tort)





                           Property torts
                           -  Trespass to land


                           -  Conversion



                           Dignitary torts
                           Dignitary torts – a specific category of intentional torts where the

                           cause of action is being subjected to certain kinds of indignities.

                          -  Defamation            -  Breach of                 -  Malicious

                          -  Invasion of              confidence                    prosecution

                             privacy               -  Abuse of                  -  Alienation of
                                                      process                       affections


                           Economic torts

                           Provide  the  common  law  rules  on  liability  which  arise  out  of

                           business transactions.  Also called business torts.

                          -  Fraud                  -  Conspiracy                  -  Restraint of
                                                        (civil)                        trad
                          -  Tortious
                             interference





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