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3.5 Importance of Values
Values often underlie and explain attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions. Employees’
performance and satisfaction are likely to be higher if their values fit well with the
organization. The person who places great importance on imagination, independence, and
freedom is likely to be poorly matched with an organization that seeks conformity from its
employees.
Values lay the foundation for our understanding of people’s attitudes and motivation and
influence our perceptions. We enter an organization with preconceived notions of what
“ought” and “ought not” to be. These notions are not value-free; on the contrary, they
contain our interpretations of right and wrong and our preference for certain behaviors or
outcomes over others. As a result, values cloud objectivity and rationality; they influence
attitudes and behavior.
Values are important because they guide our beliefs, attitudes and behavior. We are not
always aware of our values, but knowing what they are can help you more easily make
decisions that are right for you, such as taking the job that has good opportunities for variety,
change and spontaneity or good opportunities for security and tenure. Values also important
because they can help us to predict each other’s choices, and can help us avoid
misunderstandings, frustration and distrust.
3.6 Types of Values
The values that are important to people tend to affect the types of decisions they make,
how they perceive their environment and their actual behaviors. According to Rokeach
Value Survey, there are two types of values and can be divided into two sets, each set
containing 18 individuals values item.
a) Terminal values
These are values that we think are most important or most desirable. These refer to
desirable end-states of existence, the goals a person would like to achieve during his
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